> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://support.xraysim.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# L-spine Simulation

> Available anatomy, detector setup, simulated views, bone variations, and known limitations for the lumbar spine simulation module.

## Quick reference

| Question                             | What to expect                                                                                                                        |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Which projections are confirmed?** | AP, L5-S1 lateral, oblique, and lateral lumbar spine projections.                                                                     |
| **Can users try other projections?** | **Yes.** These are confirmed examples. Other projections may be possible when the simulated setup supports them.                      |
| **What anatomy is included?**        | Thoracic vertebrae, scapulae, ribs 1-10, sternum, lumbar spine, and pelvis.                                                           |
| **What setup is used?**              | Table bucky workflow with recumbent positioning.                                                                                      |
| **What movement is included?**       | Patient lateral rotation onto the right side for decubitus positioning, plus patient craniocaudal and mediolateral adjustment.        |
| **What bone variations exist?**      | Healthy bone version.                                                                                                                 |
| **Known limitation**                 | Recumbent positioning only. Prone or erect lumbar spine projections are not supported, and vertebrae have low trabecular bone detail. |

<Card title="Projection expectations" icon="circle-info" type="note">
  The projections listed on this page are confirmed examples for this simulation module. They do not define the full limit of what can be attempted. The simulator creates an image from the selected anatomy, patient position, joint movement, detector setup, tube position, collimation, and exposure settings, so other projections may be possible when the setup supports them.
</Card>

## Visual examples

<Tabs sync={false}>
  <Tab title="Simulator setup" icon="monitor">
    <Frame caption="Simulator setup and positioning environment">
      <img src="https://mintcdn.com/xraysim/EJLamHoipMpOtLyr/Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-preview.jpg?fit=max&auto=format&n=EJLamHoipMpOtLyr&q=85&s=774624f15ff95460ad0579e0b17be8da" alt="Simulator setup preview for L-spine positioning" width="626" height="354" data-path="Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-preview.jpg" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Bone model" icon="bone">
    <Frame caption="Bone model examples from the simulation">
      <img src="https://mintcdn.com/xraysim/EJLamHoipMpOtLyr/Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-bones.jpg?fit=max&auto=format&n=EJLamHoipMpOtLyr&q=85&s=d377eb9eff79e84f1b65669ad1abef44" alt="L-spine bone model examples" width="772" height="366" data-path="Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-bones.jpg" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Example exposure" icon="image">
    <Frame caption="Example exposure only: shows included anatomy, not a positioning standard or diagnostic-quality image. Results vary with tube, detector, collimation, patient movement, and alignment.">
      <img src="https://mintcdn.com/xraysim/EJLamHoipMpOtLyr/Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-exposure.jpg?fit=max&auto=format&n=EJLamHoipMpOtLyr&q=85&s=8f4a101a33437dc74ec3631aa9d55df8" alt="Example exposure from the L-spine simulation" width="313" height="358" data-path="Assets/simulation-catalog/current/l-spine-exposure.jpg" />
    </Frame>
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Imaging capabilities

| Capability          | Details                                                                                                                                                                            |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Radiographic tube   | Full range of motion, including vertical, horizontal, tilt, and rotation. The cassette can be rotated, and collimation size is adjustable.                                         |
| Detector methods    | The detector is set up for use with the table bucky.                                                                                                                               |
| Simulated exposures | Confirmed support for AP, L5-S1 lateral, oblique, and lateral lumbar spine projections. Additional views may be possible depending on patient range of motion and available bones. |

## Anatomy and movement

| Area             | Details                                                                                                                   |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Included anatomy | Thoracic vertebrae, scapulae, ribs 1-10 bilateral, sternum, lumbar spine, and pelvis.                                     |
| Joint mobility   | Patient lateral rotation onto the right side for decubitus positioning. Patient craniocaudal and mediolateral adjustment. |

## Bone variations

* Healthy bone version

## Known limitations

The L-spine simulation is limited to recumbent patient positioning. This restricts projections that require prone or erect positioning. The vertebrae also have a low presence of trabecular bone structures, which may limit radiographic realism when evaluating bone quality and internal architecture.